Textile article



June 30, 1936.

A. SCHAAR TEXTILE ARTICLE Filed Aug. 4, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l I lNVENTOR7 2e 4 ATTORNEYS June 30, 1936.

A. SCHAAR 2,046,039

TEXTILE ARTICLE Filed Aug. 4, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Mae INVENTO ATTOR NE YS Patented June 30 1936 UNETED STAT E PATENT GFFECE accents mm muonsArnold Schaar, vlenns, Austria Application August 1934, Serial rr732,390

This invention relates to textile articles and more particularly tohollow textile bodies for use in air cushions, mattresses and the like.

In an application, Ser. No. 5563M the applicant deals with a textilearticle which is rendered airtight by applying a layer which seals ithermetically and as an inflated mattress or the like serves forsupporting the human body or for other purposes. This textile articleconsists substantially of upper and lower woven sheets or layers orwalls connected, within their edges, by woven in threads. When the twolayers lie fiat, one upon the other, the connecting threads aresubstantially parallel to the same. But when the hollow body isinflated, the threads are extended and take up the internal pressureexerted on the body and prevent undue distortion thereof. The

two walls or sheets are joined together at their edges in any suitablemanner, as by weaving, sewing or the like, depending on the nature ofthe hollow body.

It is an object of the invention to provide an improvement in textilebodies of this general character, particularly in respect to theconnecting threads which take up the internal pressure.

With this general object and others in view, the invention consists inthe features, combinations, details of construction and arrangements ofparts which will first be described in connection with the accompanyingdrawings and then more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings,

Figure l is a transverse sectional view of a hollow textile bodyconstructed in accordance with the invention;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the same;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the body inflated;

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing a modification; V

Figures 5 and 6 are diagrammatic or explanatoryviews illustrating onemethod of weaving;

Figure 7 'is a transverse sectional view of a completed and inflatedarticle embodying the weaving method of Figure 5;

Figures8-ll' are diagrammatic or explanatory views'showing differentmethods of weaving;

Figure 12 is a similar view illustrating on an enlarged scale theweaving method shown in Figure 11;

Figure 13 is a transverse sectional view of a completed and inflatedbody embodying the weaving method of Figures 11 and 12;

Figures 14 and 15 are diagrammatic or explanatory views of modifiedmethods of weaving;

Fl'mzre 16 is a similar view illustrating on an enlarged scale theweaving method shown in Figure 15;

Figure 17 is a, transverse sectional view of a completed and inflatedbody embodying the weav- 5 ing method shown in Figures 15 and 16, and

Figures 18 and 19 are views similar to Figure 1 showing modifiedconstructions.

The textile body according to the invention consists of an upper and anunder textile layer 1 made by any mechanical working process, such asweaving, knitting or the like, and threads connected to these layers byweaving orthe like and located within the edges thereof. Each threadconnects two points of the respective layers or 15 walls that aresubstantially opposite each other. That is, the points are in verticalalinement. When the surfaces are lying flat, one on the other, thelength of the threads far exceeds the distance separating such points.

Such a textile body is particularly suitable for the manufacture ofmattresses, bolsters, cushions, floating bodies, hot water bottles andother hermetically sealed hollow bodies, a sealing layer being appliedto the textile body for such pur- 25 poses.

An important advantage of the invention consists in this, that it ispossible to manufacture a hollow textile fabric withmechanically mademarginal selvedges, for instance, woven longitudinal or/and transverseselvedges.

In Figures 1 and 2 there is illustrated one example of a hollow textilebody made by weaving. It comprises upper and lower layers, sheets orwalls i. 2 which are connected together along 35 the side edges byselvedges 3, 4' and along the end edges by selvedges 5, 8, along whichselvedges the threads of the two walls are woven together.

This is the preferred example of how the hollow textile body is made, asit enables a number of hollow textile bodies connected together in thelongitudinal and transverse direction to be made in one loom, which arethen cut out in the middle of the selvedges in the longitudinal 45 andtransverse direction to form the separate hollow textile bodies. a

The invention is, however, not limited to this construction, it beingalso possible to make the two layers 1, 2 in tubular form (Fig. 18) orwithout any connection at the margins (Fig. 19). Thereupon the twolayers I, 2 of the tubular body of Figure 18 are connected along the endedges in any suitable manner, for example, by sewing. This marginalconnection may also be effected by sticking the edges of the two layerstogether, which may be accomplished, for example, by means of thesealing layer. In the embodiment of Figure 19, the upper and lowerlayers I, 2 are similarly connected along all four edges.

While the threads that connect the two walls or layers within' the edgesthereof may be formed and arranged in various ways, in the embodimentillustrated as an example in Figs. 5 and 6 a thread system I is providedwhich is carried to and fro, for instance, in the manner of the knownfiguring weft threads over a smaller width than the weft threads of thelayers I, 2. These weft threads 1 are woven in at suitable intervals 8over a certain length III with the threads of the upper layer I, thenfloat at 1' between the layers I, 2 (that is to say, in the hollow spaceof the hollow textile body shown in Figs. 1 and 2) over a certain lengthII, are led back about an auxiliary thread system I2 which is preferablynot woven in anywhere but is only held flrmly (in the present instance,for instance, a warp thread) are then woven in with the threads of thelower layer 2 over the distance I and are then led back again in exactlythe same way (Fig. 6) until they are returned to the place from wherethey started. When transverse selvedges areemployed, for instance, '5,6, Fig. 1, the auxiliary thread system is at these places preferablybrought to the outside where it floats, so that, on these transverseselvedges being cut through, this auxiliary thread system is also outthrough. From Figs. 5 and 6 it will be seen that the branching placesI3, It of the floating thread portions I of the layers I, 2 lie exactlyor substantially one above the other and that the total length of eachfloating thread portion 1 which is led back round I2 far exceeds thedistance of these branching places from one another during weaving,during which the layers I, 2 lie one on the other.

'I'hereupon, the layers I, 2 lying against one another, a hermeticallysealing layer, for instance, of rubber, may be applied, outside of thehollow textile body in a known manner, which layer is marked I5 in Fig.7. On the finished hollow body being inflated the floating thread 7portions 1' become extended (Figs. 3 and 'I) and form erect connectingthreads between the oppositely situated points I3, II of the walls I, 2of the hollow body. Theseconnecting threads take up the pressure of theinflated air and control the ultimate shape of the inflated body. Theauxiliary threa'd system I2 does not hinder the extension of the threadportions I, as it is nowhere woven in, but is only heldin its positionduring the weaving process and yields to the pull of the thread portions1' when the hollow body is inflated.

These connecting threads I' can either be arranged next to one anotherwithout interruption inthe entire length of the manufactured hollow body(Fig. 2), in which case bellied longitudinal strips 8 will be formed, orthese connecting threads 'I' may be arranged only locally (Fig. 4), inwhich case the bellylng will extend as in the known horsehair or likemattresses both in the transverse direction and in the longitudinaldirection, as is indicated at 21.

From Figs. 1, 3 and '7 it will be seen that the longitudinal selvedges3, 4 do not hinder the extension of the connecting threads I, that isto" say, do not prevent them being stretched straight and adopting avertical position, and, that for this extension a displacement of thetwo layers I, 2 with respect to one another in the direction offset withrespect to one another.

of the cross section is not necessary, as the" branching points I8, llof these connecting threads of the layers I, 2 lie exactly orsubstantially one above the other, that is to say, are not In theexempliflcation shown in Fig. 8 the fleuring weft threads I after beingwoven in with the threads of the upper layer are passed round twoauxiliary thread systems I2 and I8 instead of round only one such systemand are then woven in with the threads of the under layer 2. With thisconstruction, the floating thread portion 1' has a zig-zag course and sohas a greater length than in the embodiment of Figures 5-7, although thedistance traveled by the figuring shuttle remains the same. As a result,when the body is inflated its height, i. e. depth, is correspondinglygreater.

In Fig. 9 the floating portion 1 of the flguring 'weft thread 'I' ispassed round three auxiliary thread systems I2, I6 and II, so that itstotal length becomes still greater.

In all cases the adjacent figuring shuttles may work either in the samedirection or in opposite directions to one another, and in the secondcase the adjacent figuring threads are guided symmetrically to oneanother.

In Fig. 10 is shown how one and the same figuring shuttle produces thefloating thread portions I not only one behind the other in the warpdirection, but also, for instance, two floating thread portions 1',lying next to one another in the weft direction at a distance 40', thefiguring weft thread I being woven in between the said adjacent threadportions 1', I with the threads of the two layers I, 2.

According to the exempliflcation shown in Figs. 11 and 12 two threadsystems I8, I8 are introduced between the layers I, 2, for instance, ascontinuous wefts which are woven in along their length at intervals 28over a certain length 2| with the threads of the upper and lower layersI, 2 respectively. The thread systems I8, I8 float over a certain length22 at I8 I9 between these woven in places 2| and are thereupon woventogether over a certain length 24 by means of a third, common threadsystem 28 (which in this case is for instance awarp). Thereupon thethread systems I8, I8 preferably float again along a short distance 25and before being-woven in again at 2| are preferably taken to theoutside through the same layer I. at I8", I9", whereupon the threadsystem I8 is again woven in with the threads of the layer I and thethread system I8 with the threads of the layer 2 along a certain length2|. 7

If the thread systems I8, I8 be cut through at their externally lyingparts I8", I8" along the line 26, which may be eflected either automati-6o cally on a loom successively as the weaving piogresses orsubsequently in one operation, then the hollow textile body will havesomewhat the appearance shown in Fig. 1'. The thread portions I8, I9will then lie freely'with' the adjoining 5 short woven in portion 24between the two layers I, 2, as the warp 23 is preferably only woventogether with the thread systems I8, I8 butnot with the threads of thelayers-1,2 or with 'the transverse selvedges 8, 8 connecting the latterIn order that the subsequ t, appncaflonj-t I the sealing layer may notbe detrimentallyaffected by thread ends standing .out at the cut places28, it is only necessary slightly to raise the upper layer I and lay itdown again on the lower layer 2. By this means most of the thread ends.

will be drawn into the interlorot the hollow textile body.

On the finished hollow body being inflated (Fig. 13), each twointerwoven portions l8, is of the thread systems I 8, l9 will form erectconnecting threads between each two vertically alined points I3, M ofthe walls 5, 2 of the hollow body. These connecting threads take theinternal pressure and control the form of the body under inflation, Thetextile body shown in Figure 13 is made in the form of a sack, as shownin Figure .18. That is, it doesnot have the longitudinal selvedges 3, 4.

Figure 14 illustrates a modification oi the embodiment shown in Figures11 to 13, the threads in this case being arranged symmetrically. Thecontinuous wefts l8, l9 are, after floating at it, it along the distance22 woven together by means of the third thread system along the distance2 3', which is about twice the distance in the previous case, floatingthread portions l9, l9 following immediately, positioned symmetrically.Approximately in the middle of the woven in place it the thread systemsit, it are taken to the outside at l8", ill" for being cut through.After the cutting apart at 26 and the inflation of the finished hollowbody its appearance will be similar to that shown in Fig. 13.

The hollow textile body shown in Figs. 15 to 17 differs from that justdescribed, more particularly in that more than three thread systems areused for producing crossing connecting threads between the two layers.In this case, between the layers l, 2 of the hollow textile body fourthread systems El, 28, 29 and 3t (Fig. 16) which extend, for instance,substantially in the weft direction, and two thread systems-ti and 32which extend for instance in the warp direction, are used. The threadsystems 21, 28 are woven in, in their longitudinal direction, atintervals 33 and along a suitable short length 36, with the threads orthe upper and under layers l, 2 respectively. At the weaving in places3% of the thread systems 2?,

28 the thread systems 2t, 3t float and cross one another at 29'. 30',while at the intervals 33 of the thread systems 2'7, 28 they are wovenin with the latter by means of the two thread systems El, 32 over acertain length. That is, in the group A the thread systems 21, 29, 3!are woven together, as are also the thread systems 28, 30, 32. In groupB, because of the crossing of the thread systems 29, 30, the threadsystems 2?, 3t, 3! 'are woven together, as are also the thread systemsit, 29, 32. The thread systems 27 and 28 also.

float between each two weaving in places at 2'5, 28 over a certainlength.

Furthermore, the thread systems2l, 28,29,30 are taken, at2l",28",29",30", to the outside through the layers I, 2 approximately inthe middle of the places where they are woven together (Fig. 15) orafter floating again over a length (Fig. 16) so that externally situatedcutting places 35, 35 result. Preferably all these thread systems are.taken to the outside through the same layer (for instance, I in orderthat they may be cut through at a single cutting place.

After the operations of cutting, applying the sealing layer andinflating the hollow body have been performed (Fig. 17), the floatingthread portions 29, 30' each lengthened by two floating thread portions21', 28' form crossing connecting threads between the layers I, 2 of thehollow body, the said threadportions being connected together by thenarrow woven pieces which have been formed. In this embodiment while theconnecting points l3, l4 and I3, ll respectively (Fig. 1'?) lie exactlyor substantially so one above the other, the connection is cross-wise,so that 13 is connected to It and I3 to M. This gives the sameefiect asin the direct connection of i3 to it and it to it.

Fig. 17 also shows an example in which the I floating thread portions 7etc. are folded, so to speak, into angular or zig-zag arrangement. Whenthe body is inflated, however, the angles open out and the threadsystems are extended to straight form.

The floating thread portions 1' or I 8', i9 etc., may at differentplaces be of different length, so that, when the hollow body has beeninflated, they will form between layers l, 2 erect connecting threads ofdifferent lengths, which at the diflerent places give the inflatedhollow body different heights (thicknesses). By this means the twolayers l, 2 may be given any desired external shape, when the hollowbody is inflated, which diflers more or less from that shown in What Iclaim is:- g

l. A textile body serving for the reception of hermetically sealingmaterial for use in an inflatable hollow body, comprising an upper andlower textile layer, threads which, at points located between opposingedges of said textile layers, are connected to the latter overrelatively short lengths and float between said layers, said floatingthread portions at intervals connecting two substantially superposedpoints (Hi, It) of these layers, and at least one auxiliary threadsystem (l2) about which said floating thread portions are taken, wherebysaid floating thread portions have a length greatly exceeding thedistance between said superposed polnts when the layers are relativelyclose together, said auxiliary thread system being capacitated to bemade ineffective and thereby permit the threads connecting the layers toextend upon inflation or the hollow body.

2. A textile body serving for the reception of hermetically sealingmaterial for use in an inflatable mattress, comprising upper and lowerwoven textile layers, two thread systems (Iii, l9)

one of said thread systems, at points located be tween opposing edges ofsaid layers, being woven into one of said layers over relatively shortlengths, the other of said thread systems, at similarly located points,being woveninto the other of said layers, said thread systems start.-ing from substantially superposed points l3, M) of said layers andfloating between the layers, the floating thread portions (l8', I9)having a woven connection over relative short lengths with an auxiliarythread system (23) located between said layers, said floating threadportions being led out through at least one of said layers to providecutting places (26), whereby each pair of floating thread portions (13',I9) connected together'may finally form standing connecting threadsbetween said layers, said auxiliary thread system being capacitated tobe made ineffective and thereby permit said threads con-. necting thelayers to extend upon inflation of the mattress (Figs. 11-14).

3. A textile body according to claim 1, in which the auxiliary threadsystem, prior to inflation of the hollow body, is held flrmly betweenthe layers without being worked into the same, the thread endsbeing'iree.

4. A textile body according to claim 2, in which the thread systemifl),prior to inflation of the mattress, is held flrmly between the layersand woven in with the two other thread systems (l8, l9) only, the threadends being free.

5. A textile body according to claim 1, in which the plurality ofconnecting threads for the layers are formed of a continuous thread.

6. A textile body serving for the reception of hermetically sealingmaterial for use in an inflatable mattress, comprising upper and lowerwoven textile layers, four through-running thread systems (21, 28, 29,one oi said systems (21) being woven into the upper layer at intervals,a second thread system (28) being woven into the lower layer, said twothread systems (21, 28) starting from substantially super- :posed doublepoints (l3, l3, II, II) of said layers and floating between the layers,each upper and lower floating thread portion having a woven connectionwith a third and fourth through-running thread system (BI, 32)respectively each by means of, an auxiliary thread system, the said fourthread systems being taken out through at least one of said layers toform cutting places, whereby every three floating thread,.portions (21',29', 28' and 21', 30', 28) connected together may finally form twocrossing connecting threads for the layers which are repeated atintervals (Figs. 15-11).

7. A textile body according to claim 6, in which the two auxiliarythread systems (3|, 31) prior to inflation oi the, mattress, are heldflrmly between the layers and are woven in with said four thread systemsonly, the thread ends being tree.

8. A textile hollow body as claimed in claim 1, in which the floatingparts of the threads connecting the two layers together at at least twosubstantially superposed points have different lengths at differentplaces so that they give the hollow body when inflated different heightsat different places.

9. A textile body serving for the reception of hermetically sealingmaterial for use in an inflatable mattress consisting of an upper andlower woven textile layer, threads which, at points located within themarginal boundaries of the said textile layers, are woven into thelatter over relatively short lengths and float between the layers, saidfloating thread portions at intervals connecting substantiallysuperposed points (l3, i4) 01' these layers, and at least one auxiliarythread system ([2) about which said floating thread portions are taken,whereby said floating thread portions have a length greatly exceedingthe distance between said superposed points when the layers arerelatively close together,

said auxiliary thread system being capacitated to be made ineflectiveand thereby permit the threads connecting the layers to extend uponinflation of the hollow body.

ARNOLD SCHAAR.

